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What type of occupational hazards is a worker exposed to?

When entering a company, an aspect that applicants and subsequent collaborators often overlook is that which corresponds to occupational hazards. Although an obligation that employers have is to guarantee affiliation to ARL, what is an occupational risk must be taken into account. According to the NCH18000, of the Risk Management System, it is “the combination of the probability of damage occurring and the seriousness of the consequences it produces ” in the occurrence of an accident or illness at work that may reach to put at risk the health and both physical and psychological stability of the workers.

What type of occupational hazards is a worker exposed to

Below we tell you about the types of occupational risks that a collaborator can have when joining a company, since according to Gina García, labor lawyer and specialist in occupational safety and health, they can be classified by the level of exposure and also for the factors:

– Physical risks: 

They are caused by extreme thermal contacts, exposure to solar radiation, exposure to extreme temperatures, lighting, ionizing radiation, noise, ambient temperature, vibrations and abnormal atmospheric pressure.

– Chemical Risks:

These occupational risks are produced by uncontrolled chemical agents and by the environment.

– Biological risks:

Biological risk is one that arises from occupational exposure to biological contaminants (microorganisms that can cause damage to the worker), and accidents caused by living beings (animals and insects).

– Mechanical risks:

In this, the use of tools that can cause an accident in the worker who manipulates them, entrapment in facilities, entrapment by or between objects, entrapment due to overturning of machines or loads, hit by a vehicle, fall of people to the same is contemplated. level, work at heights, fall handling of objects, confined spaces, collision with immovable objects, collision with moving objects, collision with detached objects, direct electrical contacts, indirect electrical contacts, collapse collapse, uneven surfaces, handling of explosives, handling of products flammable, projection of particles.

Also, puncture of lower extremities, immersion of liquids or particulate material and handling of sharp tools.

– Ergonomic risks:

They are derived from inappropriate positions and postures, overexertion, handling of loads, indoor air quality (Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration levels in offices greater than 1000 ppm generate discomfort and fatigue), forced positions, workstation with screen of data visualization, thermal comfort (heat produced by the body) and repetitive movements.

–  Psychosocial risks:

These risks are caused by factors such as rotating shifts, night work, work under pressure, high responsibility, mental overload, meticulousness of the task, monotonous work, job instability, communication deficits, inadequate supervision, inadequate or deteriorated interpersonal relationships, demotivation, family uprooting, aggression or mistreatment, dealing with clients and users, criminal threat and emotional instability

– Environmental risks:

These are the only ones that we cannot control, since they are the possibility of a catastrophe occurring due to human action or a natural phenomenon.

Once the risks have been identified, their possible elimination, substitution, engineering control, administrative control and/or the use of equipment and personal protection elements must be verified.

Knowing the typology of occupational risks that a collaborator may face; we tell you which are the most common in face-to-face and remote work environments:

With regard to occupational accidents, the ones that occur the most are traffic accidents, entrapment of extremities in machinery, which can generate blows, cuts and amputations of upper or lower limbs. In addition, falls, from height or level, which can cause trauma. And if we talk about diseases, the most common in Colombia are carpal tunnel syndrome, unspecified lumbago and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss (gradual hearing loss). 

With work done remotely, ergonomic risks are the most common. Neck pain, shoulder strain, forearm tenosynovitis, carpal tunnel syndrome, and De Quervain’s syndrome can occur due to poor posture. It should be noted that there is also a psychosocial risk, since working remotely can trigger stress or depression in many cases.

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What they look at most in the resume of a business administrator

Before achieving a job interview, it is vital to present a resume that can pass the first selection filter.

“In the recruitment process, the information recorded in the resume is essential. Since it will allow to identify if the applicant meets the requirements requested in the vacancy. Their professional profile will be identified, their complementary studies according to the sector and needs of the company, the experience and achievements achieved in organizations, “Marilú Avendaño, leader of the Business Administration program of the UNAD, told elempleo.com.

What they look at most in the resume of a business administrator

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In fact, the resume can also serve toidentify competencies (or shortcomings) in spelling, writing, presentation, and synthesis skills.

Elements to make the administrator’s resume attractive:

1.A short, precise and orderly resume (CV).

2.Highlighted aspects such as skills, abilities and knowledge.

3.Detail the experience works with time and continuity.

4.Describe studies. With this you can identify the level of personal growth, development for the organization and learning curve.

5.Family. (Although this element is not indispensable, it can mean security, necessity, or stability.)

6. Demonstrate mastery or knowledge of current issues, such as Corporate Social Responsibility, Sustainability, Human Rights, among others.

7.Labor skills.

8.Proficiency in a second language, such as English.

You can also read: Frequently asked questions to ask a person applying for an admin profile

Highlighting experience is vital on the resume

According to Avendaño, in terms of the experience of the administrators, it is expected that they will be able to “apply the administrative process; structurally organize an organization from the inside out; simplification of processes; opening up to new markets; review investments versus returns and profits, among others.”

Always try to provide data that reflects the achievement of business objectives, for example:

1.With the studies I developed a program that increased productivity for the company.

2. Development of a product or service, which increased sales, service, and decreased complaints (PQR).

3.The innovation of collaborators with suggestion groups.

4.Ability to make decisions and process negotiation skills.

5.Generation of added value.

6. The contributions provided, the innovations made to a company, are important, as well as successful results of your management through indicators.

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The Soft Skills of a Business Administrator

This is a structural position to the organization, regardless of the area that is directed, therefore, it must possess and highlight managerial skills such as: leadership; teamwork; conflict management; coaching; learning strategies; as well as specific competencies for strategic planning, management of organizational resources, management and adaptability to change and uncertainty.

It is essential to include what digital tools the candidate knows how to use.

“All these professional competencies ensure sustainability to the company in accordance with its strategic direction and its mission objectives. Therefore, it is necessary for professionals to constantly update their knowledge in accordance with market requirements,” concludes Avendaño.

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What should be taken into account when choosing a work modality?

The transformation in business dynamics and the economic reactivation have generated an impact on the labor market and on the hours that workers meet, in order to offer them well-being and stability. One of the substantial changes was the adoption of different forms of work, faced with the need to resume face-to-face work.

What should be taken into account when choosing a work modality

According to the study carried out by the consulting firm Mercer, “Global Talent Trends 2021”, 69% of business leaders in Colombia confirmed that they had developed flexible work policies and practices in their organization. Employees have understood that flexibility helps maintain a balance between personal and work life and thus contribute to increased productivity.

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Below we present the work modalities that are currently handled in the companies, at a national level, and the demands of each one, so that you take into account:

– Permanent telecommuting:

This modality requires collaborative tools that allow employees to communicate effectively. In addition, co working-type work spaces can be used.

– Hybrid work:

Companies have a physical space for essential activities, team meetings and clients. Collaborators can work some days of the week in the office or they also have the possibility of teleworking.

– Face-to-face model:

Companies that adopt this model prefer to have their employees physically in the work facilities.

According to the above, Sugueit Tautiva, Presales, manager of Axity, a Latin American company specialized in technology and information services, states the following:

“It is vitally important to prepare and protect yourself with services based on the best global computer security practices and from experts with a high level of confidence.”

Therefore, whatever the modality that companies or collaborators choose, it is important to take into account some parameters, which are:

– Monitoring Tools.

– Collaborative tools with AI.

– Telepresence teams with AI.

– Environmental sensors.

– Edge to cloud security solutions.

– Assertive communication.

– Training programs.

– Teamwork.

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What should a student’s resume look like?

Starting from scratch is usually an inevitable challenge, which must be assumed. For this, it is essential to prepare a curriculum that highlights the knowledge you acquired during your university education or extracurricular projects.

What should a student's resume look like

1. A brief introduction

At first, it is necessary to make a brief profile where the student describes their skills, interests and possible fields of action in the company or sector in which they want to work. Recruiters usually review many resumes and in a few seconds these documents must be of interest to you or they will be discarded.

2. Relevant skills and knowledge

According to each career, other relevant aspects are the “knowledge and skills in the digital environment, since young people usually handle digital media properly or adapt with great speed to them; it can also account for the development of courses, diplomas or other activities of an intellectual nature that they have developed, inside or outside the university, “says Esperanza Díaz, research professor at the University of La Salle.

The application of the knowledge learned in temporary jobs, research or seedbeds, usually have great influence when hiring an intern or recent graduate, since the application of the student’s knowledge or approach is demonstrated.

3. The personal profile

Also, in the resume you can make a ‘personal’ profile that highlights other types of skills, values or skills. They can include “volunteering and sports, since they are activities that involve discipline, training, teamwork and the fulfillment of objectives,” says Paola Andrea Pardo, psychologist and professor at EAN University.

4. Work and personal references

It is also vital to ‘harvest’ a good relationship and work with the faculty teachers, as these can serve as the references that you capture in your resume, they are also a channel with the world of work. According to Pardo, “many teachers support their students through different projects and may recommend them to some organizations.”

5. Professional practice

If you have already graduated, you should opt for a curriculum that enhances the results and contributions you made during your professional practice, since it is a unique moment where you could acquire knowledge, experiences, contacts and work references that enrich the professional profile.

6. The design

The style and color of the resume depends on the graduate, the career, personal taste, the company and position to which it is applied. Although it is generally not required to have a picturesque document, it is important that you are organized and structure the information in sections.

A good and first impression can be the result of “an original, creative and truthful curriculum, which is a support of what is described there, and that demonstrates that you have academic knowledge and experience to respond to activities and responsibilities assigned inside and outside the university,” concludes Díaz.

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What right does a worker have if he is fired?

At the beginning of a new year, the search for employment is a recurring action of those who, due to different circumstances, have become unemployed. However, sometimes the dismissal of a worker is unjustified and it is at that moment that the question arises: What are the rights that an employee has when dismissed?

What right does a worker have if he is fired

Below we inform you of the options provided by law in the event that a person is fired.

– Liquidation: In accordance with the provisions of the Substantive Labor Code, people who are linked under an indefinite term contract and are dismissed, are entitled to a liquidation, an amount that corresponds to vacations pending to be enjoyed, social benefits owed, unpaid wages, etc.

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– Compensation: In case of being fired and not having received his salary or benefits, the employer must pay compensation that will be equal to the last daily salary received by the worker and will apply to each day of delay.

It should be noted that the corresponding severance payment must be made that has not been consigned to the affiliated fund. Likewise, upon dismissal, the worker has the right to receive his payment from the moment in which he is notified of the termination of the contract until his last day of work, as well as a discharge medical examination, this to review his state of health and that the dismissal is related to a medical issue.

Something that is often overlooked and that is very important is that when leaving a company, a labor certification must be given to the person who leaves a company stating the time worked, the position and the salary earned.

What if there is a dismissal without just cause?

This happens when the employer does not have any of the reasons contemplated in article 62 of the Substantive Labor Code, such as: having suffered deception by the worker, violence, injury, indiscipline, some material damage, immoral or criminal acts, the violation grave of the obligations or prohibitions.

When a person is dismissed without just cause, the employer must pay him compensation according to the type of contract he has.

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What mistakes should you avoid at work if you want a promotion?

In recent days, an unusual event in the world of sports has gone viral; The New Zealand National Team player, Mikayla Moore, scored three own goals in her team’s 5-0 defeat against the United States National Team, something that has undoubtedly put her continuity in the team’s process for the next few years on edge. matches. Like what happened with Moore, in the world of work there are mistakes that can cost you continuity in the company where you work or if you are looking for a promotion, it may be compromised.

What mistakes should you avoid at work if you want a promotion.

Here we tell you what actions you should avoid if you want to leave a good image in your work to achieve things in the future:

Act arrogantly as if you had all the knowledge:

As a collaborator you should not fall into the error of having arrogant attitudes. If you have this reputation, a hostile environment will be generated both with your colleagues and with your superiors.

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Be silent:

As part of the company, you should always have a proactive attitude and not wait for your boss to look at your results or proposals. You should look for the opportunity to present ideas and share personal triumphs, which indirectly contribute to the achievement of the objectives of the team you are in.

Be defensive

According to Ralph Specht, an expert in Corporate Culture, having an attitude of evasion or defense whenever a comment is received can be counterproductive. You must have criteria and this implies that although you do not always have to respond affirmatively to any suggestion or comment, you must seek the well-being of both the individual and the team.

Do not leave the comfort zone:

Not doing things different from what you are used to in a job can trigger both personal and corporate stagnation. Experts recommend preparing in different areas that allow professional growth and with it the proactive capacity within the work team, that is, not staying in the comfort of previously acquired knowledge, but exploring different areas.

If you manage to avoid these mistakes, despite having made them at some point in your working life, your work within a company will have a lot of value, there will be no failures and the fulfillment of objectives will be a reality.

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What medical tests you may have when you leave a company

Companies are required to ask employees to take exit exams. These should not come out of the pockets of the workers, but companies should assume them. Also, organizations must inform about the place to carry them out. Medical discharge exams? How so? Even if it sounds a bit strange, at the time of retiring from the company, either because you resign or because you are fired, the company is in the duty to suggest that you take these exams before leaving your job.

What medical tests you may have when you leave a company

The reason is very simple: you should leave a company with the same physical and mental conditions with which you entered. And precisely to determine that is that medical examinations are done.

Ketty Morales, Human Management Manager at Assa Abloy Colombia (Yale), states that “exit exams are done whenever the person leaves the company, and the type of exam that is done depends on the position and the dangers to which the person was exposed, for example, if he worked exposed to noise, he would have to do audiometry, or if she was exposed to chemicals, she gets blood tests.”

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Morales adds that it all depends on what the person was exposed to while working at the company. However, a physical and mental general medical check-up is always done. The company gives the letter to the employee and tells him where the test should be done, and the worker decides whether or not to do it.

If the person decides not to do them, the company is released from liability if, if necessary, the worker suffers future illnesses. “The medical examination of discharge is done according to or by virtue of checking that the person is in good health, just as when he entered and the medical entrance exams were done. That it is in optimal conditions, “clarifies Morales.

The doctor must maintain his professional secrecy And companies should not have access to the worker’s medical records. This should only inform the company if the employee has any adverse health condition caused by his work, or say if he is in normal condition when leaving the company.

For her part, Jimena Sánchez, a specialist in Human Resources at the Universidad del Rosario, says that the medical examinations of graduation are done to identify the occupational risks that the different positions of a company may have. If you as an employer identify that workers have entered optimal health and retire sick, that is a sign that these charges must be analyzed to prevent this from happening again.

“These exams are very important because the employee will know the physical and mental conditions with which he is leaving the company. This way you can avoid a subsequent illness that can harm the performance of your different activities of your work and daily life, “says Sánchez.

Be clear about the subject

Alexander Ruiz, Human Resources consultant at Oil & Gas Industry, affirms that the exit exams are medical tests to rule out or evidence occupational diseases, caused by the work performed. It must be verified that the employee leaves the company in the same conditions as entered. All companies must do so or at least evidence the request to the employee. “The worker has a prudential time (3 days), to do them, if not, he frees the company from responsibility.

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What is essential for the hybrid work modality?

The covid-19 pandemic transformed the labor dynamics in Colombia and with the economic reactivation, thousands of companies have chosen for their collaborators to return to the offices or maintain the alternation. According to the study the born digital effect, carried out by Citrix, more than 90% of employees want to retain the option to choose where they will work from, and 82% of companies plan to adopt hybrid models.

What is essential for the hybrid work modality

One thing to keep in mind is that connecting remote computers requires much more than technology. This means that the leaders of a work group must contribute to the development of empathy and trust among the collaborators, in the same way as if they were sitting next to each other.

Juan Pablo Villegas, Citrix Multi-Country Director for Latin America, comments the following:

“Given that work teams can be face-to-face, remote or mixed, it is essential to grant the same space of time to face-to-face employees and those who are not, creating spaces that also allow experiences that foster commitment, a good atmosphere labor and other attributes that can accompany a better organization”.

A point that should be highlighted is the one that covers security processes and access to information. The leaders of a work team must demand that their technological area evolve based on their work context, since a complete and reliable mobile and adaptive workspace provides the way forward so that efficient teams can advance quickly.

The hybrid experience of a collaborator requires digital workspaces that facilitate individual and group work and strengthen connection and interpersonal relationships, in which, regardless of the device, users have the same experience of their desktop and work environment every time they start their day.

Remember that with the adoption of a hybrid model, costs are reduced, more commitment is acquired and there is more productivity at work.

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What charges can you not apply to if you are reported in Datacrédito?

For certain positions and at certain companies it is a requirement to know your status in this credit database, but refusing this consultation could also end your hiring process.

What charges can you not apply to if you are reported in Datacrédito

In the credit information centers, both positive information (which is never deleted) and negative information (which is deleted after a while) are reported. In this sense, every time we pay on time and make proper use of our credit products, we generate positive reports that raise our credit score, explained the expert Juan Camilo González, director of Financial Planning of TranquiFinanzas.com.

However, “knowing the ‘status’ of a person in Datacrédito is a common practice in Colombia, especially in some sectors such as finance and in some positions for people who will manage financial resources of a company. The important thing is that the person understands that he cannot be consulted in credit information centers without having given express authorization for that purpose, “added González.

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“This was provided by Law 1581 of 2012 and its regulatory decrees regarding the protection of personal data in Colombia, since you must have authorization from the owner of the information, to access databases containing sensitive and private information. Likewise, it is common to carry out the consultation in the selection processes, it is also common for the applicant to confer his authorization so that the coach can evaluate the profile, “added Adelaide Portilla, legal manager of Adecco Colombia.

In practice it is normal for a candidate to be discarded for a financial position if it is reported in Datacrédito.

On the other hand, consultation in the risk centers can not only be given for the selection process. The truth is that it can be presented with the authorization of the worker when organizations establish audit controls or when the need arises to consult their managers and positions of great impact such as the financial area, seeking to mitigate risk with the active personnel of the organization.

“It must be clarified that if (the consultation in Datacrédito) is used as an assessment criterion, it would not be considered discrimination, it would be a selection criterion that allows knowing the behavior of the candidate compared to the other applicants and an objective selection of the possible worker,” Portilla warned.

The Financial Superintendence also says that the report in credit information centers only serves to study the risk and credit analysis, so that to make hiring or firing decisions it must be assessed with other elements of judgment that affect the purpose (of hiring or firing), and that the employer can not rely solely on information related to compliance with obligations to make decisions.

“If any irregularity or disagreement is noticed, the entity that regulates this aspect in the selection process in Colombia is the Ministry of Labor, through the Agency for Management and Job Placement,” added the Manager of Adecco.

“The information can be consulted for free once a month directly at the offices of Datacrédito, or through a right of request. Both Centers also offer an online service that can cost between $ 7,500 and $ 18,000 per month to access all the information they have about you without having to go to the offices, “concluded González.

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What are the types of savings in pension funds and how their profitability works

At the beginning of working life, workers choose an investment alternative so that their pension savings are managed according to their objectives, with the stage of life in which they are and the risk profile. This is called Mandatory Pension Multi funds.

What are the types of savings in pension funds and how their profitability works

Here in we tell you those are the 3 options that can be chosen:

1. Riskier fund: is the one that invests in assets with great growth potential. In this way, higher returns are associated with greater risks, due to market volatilities, however, taking into account the long-term horizon, variations can be corrected over time and favor the growth of customers’ pension savings.

2. Moderate fund: Investments have a balanced exposure to risk and clients who still lack time to reach their retirement stage are recommended, usually people over 45 years of age.

3. Conservative fund: this is recommended for those people who are close to their retirement stage, with low risk tolerance and whose priority is to maintain all their accumulated capital. This favors the stability of resources with lower profitability and low volatility in the assets invested.

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“It is important to remember that the Mandatory Higher Risk Pension Fund is the recommended investment alternative for young people and for those who are in their productive stage. This option offers better returns and allows recoveries against possible variations in the financial markets, “explains Andrés Herrera, investment portfolio manager at Colfondos.

We must take into account the importance of starting to make pension contributions early, periodically and persistently over time, so that each person can potentiate their pension savings for the time of their retirement.

What is profitability?

Profitability is the benefit obtained from an initial investment of money made in the medium and long term, which is generated thanks to the administration of resources by a team of experts who are responsible for managing investment portfolios. A person who starts his contributions to compulsory pension and constantly from his 25 years, when he reaches the time of his pension, approximately 70% of his final pension balance will be the product of the profitability generated over time.

According to the Ministry of Labor in Colombia there are figures of 2,300,000 pensioners.